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[ This is the final part of a three - part serial on the PSA examination for prostate cancer . ]
Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most coarse type of cancer among American piece . More than 6 in 10 cases of prostate cancer cases occur in men 65 and old . Treatment for prostate gland cancerworks better when the disease is base early .
prostate gland - specific antigen(PSA ) is a protein produced by the cells of the prostate gland . The PSA test measures the level of this protein in the blood . It can be detected at a grim level in the blood of all grownup men .
A fundamental problem with the PSA test is that , while lofty levels can indicate the comportment ofcancer , they can also be do by other problems such as benign expansion of the prostate that comes with geezerhood , infection , inflammation and seemingly footling events such as interjection and a gut movement .
PSA tryout resolution are dreadfully confusing and often terrorize . In the first parts of this serial , we discussed the reservoir of much of the mix-up . In this pillar , we ’ll address the elementary question about PSA : Does it save lives ?
The response is : We do n’t know . What ’s worse is that we do n’t know ifPSA screeningoutweighs the risks of trace - up symptomatic run and cancer treatments .
For example , prostate operation can cause incontinence and erectile dysfunction . Even a prostate biopsy has risk because it can make hemorrhage and infection .
The PSA test can find little tumors . However , find out a small tumour does not necessarily reduce a valet ’s fortune of dying from prostate cancer . PSA testing may identify very easy - uprise tumors that are unlikely to endanger a human being ’s life . Also , PSA examination may not help a man with a tight - grow or aggressive Crab that has already circulate to other parts of his body before being detected .
So , what should a Isle of Man do to protect himself from prostate Cancer the Crab ?
Some doctors advance one-year screenings for men older than years 50 ; others urge against mundane showing . However , most doctors and medical organizations concord that men should watch all they can about prostate cancer , so they can turn over informed decisions .
My personal history with PSA tests is demonstrative of many of the problems men face with this type of screening . I trust that portion out it will avail .
I ’m 69 years one-time . I ’ve been ingest strong-arm exams almost every yr since I hit my 50s . These physicals include a PSA blood test and a digital rectal exam ( DRE ) . Until recently , all examination produce normal results .
My PSA was always around 1.5 . Most doctors need your PSA to be under 4 . ( The numbers stand for nanograms of PSA per milliliter of blood . ) And , my DREs found no irregularity , just some benign enlargement .
About three yr ago , my crime syndicate medico gave me a DRE and found nothing , but my PSA test came in at 2.97 . My doctor recite me to see a urologist for a surveil - up exam because my PSA , while under 4 , had increase .
The urologist did another DRE and order another PSA test . The mental testing derive in at 2.96 . The urologist said that he thought 2.96 was my fresh PSA and that I should not worry about it .
Two twelvemonth later , my PSA was still 2.96 . Then , this year , it came in at 4.1 . My family physician send me to a urologist .
Before I went to the urologist , I did some research and learned that something as on the face of it undistinguished as a bowel movement could move a PSA test . I told the urologist that I recall going to the bathroom just before hold blood drawn . He thought that this BM could have move the examination .
Another DRE . Okay . Another blood trial . The PSA was 3.3 . The urologist said no biopsy was require . The increase from 2.96 to 3.3 was not a cause for concern .
What now ? I ’m tempted to forget about PSA tests , but I ’ll probably have another in a twelvemonth .
The Healthy Geezer newspaper column publish each Monday on LiveScience . If you would like to ask a question , please writefred@healthygeezer.com . © 2010 by Fred Cicetti .
